Edit Section: Ubuntu 16.04 LTS for Human Beans

!!# Install the rest in program sets

You can then install all the rest of the required and useful software for common tasks (including video editing, screencasting, etc). Note that the first package names until wcatalan are localization packages for our local language, and you can skip them or adapt for your language, etc.

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{CODE(colors="bash", wrap="1", caption="Command on a console")}

sudo apt-get install -y apt-show-versions backintime-common backintime-gnome bluefish bluefish-plugins bum bzr-explorer cairo-dock cairo-dock-plug-ins cheese chromium-browser classicmenu-indicator corkscrew create-resources cups-pdf diodon filezilla firefox-locale-ca flashplugin-installer flvstreamer gdebi geany geany-plugins gimp-plugin-registry gir1.2-gst-plugins-bad-1.0 git git-core glabels gnome-alsamixer gnupg2 gparted grub2-splashimages grub-customizer gscan2pdf gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-fluendo-mp3 gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gtk-recordmydesktop gufw guvcview gwenrename gwenview handbrake hibernate htop hyphen-ca icatalan icc-profiles-free indicator-cpufreq indicator-netspeed inkscape ispell kazam kde-l10n-ca kdenlive keepass2 keepass2-doc kile kipi-plugins krename krusader kupfer language-pack-ca language-pack-ca-base language-pack-gnome-ca language-pack-gnome-ca-base language-pack-kde-ca lftp libcurl4-gnutls-dev libdbd-mysql libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev libgtk2.0-dev libmysqlclient-dev libreoffice-help-ca libreoffice-l10n-ca libsyntax-highlight-engine-kate-perl linux-firmware luckybackup mailutils mc meld mobile-atlas-creator mythes-ca nautilus-actions nautilus-columns nautilus-dropbox nautilus-scripts-manager oggvideotools ogmrip ogmtools openjdk-8-jre openshot openshot-doc openssh-server oxideqt-codecs p7zip p7zip-full p7zip-rar pavucontrol pdfchain pdfmod pdfsam pepperflashplugin-nonfree pidgin pidgin-indicator pidgin-plugin-pack pidgin-skype playonlinux powernap qemu-system qshutdown qtgstreamer-plugins-qt5 scribus scribus-doc scribus-template sendemail shutter simplescreenrecorder sshfs synaptic syncthing syncthing-gtk telegram telegram-purple terminator thunderbird thunderbird-locale-ca totem-plugins totem-plugins-extra transmageddon ubuntu-restricted-addons ubuntu-restricted-extras unetbootin unrar uswsusp variety virt-manager virtualbox virtualbox-dkms vlc vpx-tools wcatalan webp wine winetricks x2goclient xauth xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi xfonts-base xsane xul-ext-lightning gcolor2 gedit-plugins kio-mtp shotwell testdisk geeqie pyrenamer kwalletmanager firefox libvdpau-va-gl1 soundconverter keychain mtp-tools mtpfs mkusb mkusb-nox usb-pack-efi ddrescue-gui torbrowser-launcher icedtea-8-plugin pdfposter posterazor  youtube-dl youtube-dlg syslinux-utils ucaresystem-core alien pigz

{CODE}

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And if you need R and similar developer programs, you can install also:

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sudo apt-get install -y  r-recommended  r-cran-xml libgraphviz-dev libcairo2-dev r-cran-cairodevice freeglut3 freeglut3-dev r-cran-rglpk r-cran-rgl r-cran-misc3d libx11-dev libxt-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev libxml2-dev r-cran-xml libgraphviz-dev libcairo2-dev bwidget tk-table libv8-dev r-cran-rjava libmpfr-dev libc6 libssl-dev texlive-latex-extra texlive-lang-spanish libx11-dev libxml2-dev libxml2:i386 libxt-dev r-cran-misc3d subversion git texmaker tk-dev unaccent xvfb libgdal1-dev libproj-dev r-cran-rmysql libmagick++-dev r-cran-rcolorbrewer r-cran-doparallel libssh2-1-dev libudunits2-dev libgdal-dev libgeos-dev libproj-dev libjq-dev libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler libssl-dev libcairo2-dev libglpk-dev

{CODE}

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If you need webserver and other typical programs intended for servers, you can install this other set too:

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sudo apt-get install -y  php-sqlite3 postfix rabbitvcs-cli rabbitvcs-core rabbitvcs-gedit rabbitvcs-nautilus rapidsvn subversion php-memcache php-gettext php-intl php-mbstring php-pspell php-zip composer php-curl php-xmlrpc php-intl php-mcrypt php5.6-curl php5.6-xmlrpc php5.6-intl php5.6-mcrypt php7.1-mcrypt php7.1-curl php7.1-xmlrpc php7.1-intl php5.6-mysql php7.1-mysql poppler-utils php-memcached memcached

{CODE}

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If you want to have locale packages such as Catalan, you might be intersted in installaing these extra packages:

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sudo apt-get install -y  aspell-ca hunspell-ca 

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And for Spanish:

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sudo apt-get install -y  aspell-es hyphen-es ispanish language-pack-gnome-es myspell-es mythes-es wspanish 

{CODE}

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Removed packages from the list compared to Ubuntu 14.04 by the time of this writing (April 23rd, 2016), and the corresponding replacement with somewhat equivalent featureset in 16.04

* kdesvn -> rapidsvn | rabbitvcs (integrated in Nautilus)

* jitsi -> installed by hand frmo their website, v 2.8.x

* nautilus-open-terminal 

* totem-plugins-dvb-daemon 

* linux-firmware-nonfree 

* gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-multiverse -> gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad

* indicator-multiload

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Other useful programs installed by hand in a later stage:

* rstudio

* chrome

* jitsi

* gdiskdump

* phpstorm

* acroread

* canon scangear MG3200. See ((Canon PIXMA MG3200 Printer and Scanner))

* "Master pdf editor"

+ http://www.webupd8.org/2014/02/modify-pdf-files-in-linux-with-master.html

+ ([http://code-industry.net/free-pdf-editor.php])

* elastic search

* skype

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You can test email sending in the command line with:

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echo testing | mail -s test_subject youremail@example.com

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!!!# Main changes noticed for human beans

Good:

* Bluetooth works by default with most devices

* Battery icon displays battery info for connectd bluetooth devices using batteries (mouse, keyboard, etc)

* Icon to edit microphone volume levels shows up automatically on the top bar when the microphone is in use

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Confusing:

* "USB startup creator" doesn't let you choose a persistent partition file when creating bootable usb disks with ubuntu distros.

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!!!# R

!!!!# R v3.4.x

Si empres R, et caldran paquets extra de sistema per a instal·lar alguns paquets d'R i eines habituals associades (git, svn, etc). Pots posar les dependències habituals amb:

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{CODE(colors="bash", wrap="1", caption="Command on a console")}

sudo apt-get install -y  r-recommended  r-cran-xml libgraphviz-dev libcairo2-dev r-cran-cairodevice freeglut3 freeglut3-dev r-cran-rglpk r-cran-rgl r-cran-misc3d libx11-dev libxt-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev libxml2-dev r-cran-xml libgraphviz-dev libcairo2-dev bwidget tk-table libv8-dev r-cran-rjava libmpfr-dev libc6 libssl-dev texlive-latex-extra texlive-lang-spanish libx11-dev libxml2-dev libxml2:i386 libxt-dev r-cran-misc3d subversion git texmaker tk-dev unaccent xvfb libgdal1-dev libproj-dev r-cran-rmysql libmagick++-dev r-cran-rcolorbrewer r-cran-doparallel libssh2-1-dev libudunits2-dev libgdal-dev libgeos-dev libproj-dev libjq-dev libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler libssl-dev libcairo2-dev dos2unix pandoc r-cran-rmio

{CODE}

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Usual R packages that are useful in many cases. You can install them in an R console in a terminal (Type "R" in the terminal to launch the R console), or through RStudio command line:

{CODE(colors="r", ln="1", caption="Command on an R console")}

install.packages(c("devtools", "plotly", "Nozzle.R1", "VennDiagram", "stringr", "xml2", "parallel", "data.table", "doParallel", "xtable", "plyr", "dplyr", "reshape2", "rjson", "d3heatmap", "htmlwidgets", "googleVis", "doMC", "Rcmdr", "knitr", "checkpoint", "XLConnect", "sem", "rmarkdown", "relimp", "effects", "aplpack", "flexdashboards", "addinslist", "tidyverse", "magick", "webshot", "pacman", "officer", "flextable", "huxtable"))

{CODE}

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{CODE}

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!!!!# R v3.5.x

Si necessites R 3.5.x en Ubuntu 16.04, pots afegir un repositori extra amb les següents de sota, després de llegir aquest advertiment:

{REMARKSBOX()}

No tots els paquets d'R es poden instal·lar sobre R 3.5.x en Ubuntu 16.04. A data d'avui, he vist que -+xml2+-, per exemple, no s'instal·la per aquest tipus de problema {sign user="Xavier" datetime="2019-03-18T14:27:49+00:00"}:

{CODE(caption="Advertiment")}

/usr/include/unicode/ucnv.h:585:1: note: C++11 ‘noexcept’ only available with -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11

{CODE}

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I per tant, els que depenen de xml2 tampoc: -+sparklyr+-, ...

{REMARKSBOX}

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Instruccions:

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sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys E298A3A825C0D65DFD57CBB651716619E084DAB9

sudo add-apt-repository 'deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial-cran35/' # main binary packages for R 3.5.x

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:marutter/c2d4u3.5 # extra binary packages for R 3.5.x from the usual marruter repo

sudo apt update

sudo apt upgrade

{CODE}

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Si estàs actualitzant des d'una versió d'R anterior, et poden ser útils aquestes instruccions de terminal de sistema:

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sudo chmod 777 /usr/lib/R/site-library /usr/lib/R/site-library/* -R

sudo chmod 777 /usr/lib/R/library /usr/lib/R/library/* -R

sudo chmod 777 /usr/share/R/doc/html/* -R

{CODE}

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I aquestes altres de consola d'R:

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update.packages(ask = F, lib="/usr/lib/R/site-library")

{CODE}

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!!!# Install new php versions and switch between them

Ubuntu 16.04 comes with php 7.0, and some php applications might still fail with php 7.0 .Therefore, in some cases, it might be sensible to have both php 7.0 and php 5.x, so that you can choose which version to use for your needs at any time. Or even better, 7.1. You need to add a new repository to have other versions of php available, and you will require the equivalent branch for a patched apache2 that will work with the other php version repository.

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You can do so with:

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{CODE(colors="shell")}

xavi@computer# sudo su

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej/php

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej/apache2

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install php5.6 php5.6-mysql php-gettext php5.6-mbstring php-xdebug libapache2-mod-php5.6  php5.6-curl php5.6-gd php5.6-mcrypt php5.6-xml php5.6-xmlrpc libphp5.6-embed  php-memcache php5.6-intl php5.6-zip  php5.6-sqlite3  

sudo install php7.1 php7.1-mysql php-gettext php7.1-mbstring php-xdebug libapache2-mod-php7.1  php7.1-curl php7.1-gd php7.1-mcrypt php7.1-xml php-xml-parser php7.1-xmlrpc libphp7.1-embed  php-memcache php7.1-intl php7.1-zip  php7.1-sqlite3

{CODE}

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Installing both php5.6 & php7.1 resulted in a lot of complaining from apt and lots of conflicts. The first suggested resolution was to remove all the stock php5 packages so that PHP 5.6 could be installed - so I just accepted the first suggestion.

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The config files are all in /etc/php/5.6 and /etc/php/7.1 respectively - inside here is where you can configure which extensions are loaded, set the ini settings, and everything else for each version in isolation.

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So to switch from php 5.6 to php 7.1 you need to do two things:

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sudo a2dismod php5.6; sudo a2enmod php7.1; sudo service apache2 restart # For php in web apps

sudo ln -sfn /usr/bin/php7.1 /etc/alternatives/php # For php-cli in the command line

php -v

# PHP 7.0.6-1+donate.sury.org~xenial+1 (cli) ( NTS )

# Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group

# Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies

#    with Zend OPcache v7.0.6-dev, Copyright (c) 1999-2016, by Zend Technologies

#    with Xdebug v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 2002-2016, by Derick Rethans

{CODE}

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or from php7.1 to php5.6:

{CODE(colors="shell")}

sudo a2dismod php7.1 ; sudo a2enmod php5.6 ; sudo service apache2 restart # For php in web apps

sudo ln -sfn /usr/bin/php5.6 /etc/alternatives/php # For php-cli in the command line

php -v

# PHP 5.6.21-1+donate.sury.org~xenial+2 (cli) 

# Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group

# Zend Engine v2.6.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies

#    with Zend OPcache v7.0.6-dev, Copyright (c) 1999-2016, by Zend Technologies

{CODE}

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From the commandline, I have both php5.6 and php7.1 available as commands. I also still have a php command - look in /etc/alternatives to see that it symlinks to a particular version of PHP cli*. You can also quickly check which yours is using by running php -v.

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Remember that php.ini and other files with settings are not in /etc/php5 anymore but in /etc/php/__version__/

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